Compressor.



F. W. WOLF.

COMPRESSOR.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 4. I916.

' Patented Mar. 4,1919.

m; 1,295,9 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

F W. WOLF.

COMPRESSOR.

APPLICATION FILED DEC.4.1916.

, 1,295,98. Patented Mar. 4,1919

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2- FRED W. WOLF, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

COMPRESSOR.

Application filed December 4, 1916.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRED W. YVOLF, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Compressors; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to improvements in compressors and consists of the matters hereinafter described and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

One object of the invention is to provide a compressor which may be driven at av maximum of eflic'iency by means of a small motor of low power, which is noiseless in operation and which is of cheap and economical construction. v

Another object of the invention is to provide a compressor, suitable for use in connection with. refrigerating apparatus and which has positive and mechanically'operated valves.

The compressor is of the generic type shown and described in my copen ding appli cation Serial Number 134,792, filed on even date herewith.

These and other advantages of the improved compressor will appear as I proceed with my specification.

In the drawings:

Figure l is a View representing a longitudinal, central section through the compressor. V

Fig. 2 is a view showing a transverse section through the compressor in a plane indicated by the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

ig. 3 is a view illustrating a side elevation of the compressor.

F ig. 4 is a view representing a longitudinal section through the compressor, the plane of the section being indicated by the line H of Fig. 2,the parts being shown in a changed relation.

Fig. 5 represents a transverse section through one of the valve chests and its associated cylinder, the plane of the section being indicated by the line 5-5 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 8 represents a. similar view with the parts in a changed relation.

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of one end of Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 4, 1919. Serial No. 134,793.

the movable member of the valve mechanism of the compressor.

Referring now to that embodiment of the invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings 11 indicates as a whole the casing of the compressor. Said casing consists generally of a cylindrical shell 12 and of two end members or heads 13, 13 whichclose the ends of said shell and which are provided with integral endwise extending cylinders 14, 14. The cylinders have their central axes inthe same line which is coincident with the central axis of the cylindrical shell 12. The heads 13 are in the form of circular plates 13 made integral with the cylinders and having radial ribs 13 which brace and support the cylinders 14 beyond said plates. The plates 13 are secured to the ends of the cylindrical shell 12 by screws or in any other convenient manner.

15 indicates the driving shaft of the compressor. Said shaft is mounted in the shell 12 intermediate the ends of the shell (as shown half way between said ends) and is located in a horizontal plane with its longitudinal central axis intersecting the line of the axes of the cylinders 14, 14. Said shaft has bearing in plates 16, 17 fixed to the sides of the shell 12 at suitable alined bearing openings formed in said shell.

The platel6 has a bearing sleeve l6 integral with it and braced by means of connecting radial ribs 16". Said sleeve provides bearing for one end of the shaft 15, but is spaced somewhat from the plate 16 to allow room for an end thrust disk end of the shaft and acting to distribute the thrust of the shaft over a large surface of the plate 16. The late 17 has a. journal box 18 made integral with it and projecting from its outer face. An annular flange 19 on its inner face provides a stutling box which is closed by a gland 20 mounted on the shaft. 15. Contractile, coiled springs 21 connecting a radial flange 22 of the said gland with fixed parts on the bearing plate 17, yieldingly hold the'packing within the stuffing box and pins or studs 23 extending inwardly from sald plate and engaged in suitable apertures in the said flange 2:2 hold the gland against rotation. A driving pulley 2- is fixed to the driving shaftadjacent the 'jonrnal box 18.

25 indicates .what is familiarly known made til)

15 fixed to the ice are

Scotch yoke, mounted in a vertical plane within the shell 12 and adapted for longitudinal reciprocable bearing engagement therein, in the line of the cylinders 14, 14. Said yoke carries oppositely disposed pistons 26 at its ends, each piston being capable of reciprocation in an associated cylinder 14.

Within the yoke is mounted a vertically re-- ciprocating block 27 in which an eccentric disk 28 fixed-to the shaft 15 has bearing. Thus the rotation of the shaft 15 produces a reciprocatory movement of the yoke and in consequence the required reciprocation of the pistons 26 in their respective cylinders.

The yoke 25 is preferably made of two U-shaped plates or bars each consisting of an upright member 29 with the associated piston 26 extending from one side of it and of two horizontal members 30, 30 which form the legs of the U. The U-plates or bars are held together and braced by means of connecting rods and spacing sleeves 31 located at the sides near the top and bottom of the yoke. The block 27 is provided at its ends with vertical ribs which have guiding engagement in suitable grooves or ways formed on the inner faces of the vertical members 29 of the U-plates of the yoke.

At one side of each cylinder 14 is formed a tubular valve chest 33, with its longitudinal central axis parallel to that of the cylinder. As illustrated herein, the tubular valve chests of the two cylinders have their longitudinal central axes in the same line as in the case of the cylinders. The movable member of the valve is in each case a piston member which is attached to' and driven by ,a Scotch yoke which is similar to and is located at one side of the yoke 25 that drives the main pistons. 34, 34 indicate the piston valve members and 35 indicates the Scotch yoke. The yoke 35 is very similar in construction to the yoke and contains a vertically reciprocatingblock 3G in which is rotatively mounted an eccentric disk fixed on the shaft 15. Each piston valve 34 is of the diameter of the bore of its valve chest in which it reciprocates. It is provided at the end with a recess 39 and with an inlet port 40 which communicates with said recess, and is adapted at one point ofthe reciprocation of the valve part to come to register with a port 41 at the end of its associated cylinder 14. Toward its opposite end the piston valve part 34 is provided with a longitudinal groove 42, one part of which is adapted to be brought to register with the port 41 in the associated cylinder. Said groove. at the end toward the cylinder head is closed. Its other end is open and connects with the interior of the shell 12. so that said groove acts as a discharge port and passage for the delivery of the compressed fluid to said shell. Each piston valve part is provided with piston rings 43 intermediate its two ports 40 and 42 to seal the high pressure side from the low pressure. The valve chests 33 are open at their outer ends (see Fig. 4), and are connected by pipes 44, 44 with a common supply pipe 45.

The compressed fluid discharged into the shell 12, which incloses what may be called the crank case of the compressor, is led therefrom through an outlet nipple 46 which may be connected to any suitable receiver (not shown), as forexample, the condenser of aa-efrigerztting apparatus. Said outlet nipple as illustrated, is located in the'bottom of the crank case, where it may be placed with propriety, when the oil used for lubrication'will have no deleterious effect upon the fluid that is to be compressed, as when the oil is curculate d through the system.

When it is required to retain the oil in tlie crank case, said outlet would be placed at the top of the crank case.

The eccentric disk 37 which drives the piston valve parts 34, 34, is set in advance of the disk 28 which drives the main pistons 26. It will of course be understood that the discharge port and passage 42 of one valve member 34 is so placed with reference to the inlet port 0 of the other valve member (as clearly siown in Fig. 4), that one cylinder is discharging when the other cylinder is drawing in fluid.

The operation of the compressor is apparent from the foregoing description. The rotation of the shaft 15 produces a reciprocatory movement of the yoke 25 in the crank case and similar movement of the pistons 26 in their respective cylinders. As the eccentric disk 37 is set ahead of the eccentric disk 28, it is apparent that after the fluid has been discharged from a cylinder at the end of=the stroke of its piston, a considerable part of the return stroke will have been accomplished, before the associated inlet port is brought to a position to admit fluid to the cylinder. Thus a vacuous condition is produced, with the result that there is a rapid flow of fluid into the cylinder when the inlet port is opened and the cylinder is completely filled with the fluid to be compressed. In like manner, on the discharge stroke of the piston, the discharge port is not opened until the piston has approached the end of its discharge stroke, so that the fluid is compressed above the pressure in the crank casing before being delivered to said casing,

with the result that the cylinder is completely emptied.

The action of the valves is definite and positive and exactly predetermined, and manifestly they will operate without noise. The pressure upon the ends of the yokes will be balanced at'all times and therefore the high pressure in the crank case will have no effect. to increase the power required to operate the pistons.

- crank case,

invention I have of construction While in describing my referred to certain details and of mechanical arrangement, it is to be understood that the invention is to be in no way limited thereby, except as pointed out in the appended claims.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a compressor, the combination of a crank case, oppositely disposed heads secured tosaid crank case, said heads having cylinder bores and valve chest bores therein, a driving shaft in said crank case, reciprocating pistons and piston valves in said cylinder bores and valve chest bores respectively, and means intermediate said driving shaft and said pistons and piston valves for reciprocating said pistons and piston valves, said piston valves controlling the admission of the fluid being compressed, into and from said cylinder bores.

L2. In a compressor, the combination of a crank case, oppositely disposed heads secured to said crank case, said heads having cylinder bores and valve chest bores therein, a driving shaft in said crank case, reciprocating pistons in said'cylinders, said pistons being connected together by a yoke, reciprocating piston valves in said valve chest bores, said piston valves also being connected together by a yoke, and means intermediate the driving shaft and said yokes for reciprocating them, said piston valves controlling the admission of the fluid being compressed, into and from said cylinder ores.

3. In a compressor, the combination of a oppositely disposed heads sccured to said crank case, said heads having cylinder bores and valve chest bores therein, a driving shaft in said crank case, reciproeating pistons and piston valves in said cylinder bores and valve chest bores respectively, and means intermediate said driving shaft and said pistons and piston valves for recipracting said pistons and piston valves, said piston valvescontrolling the admission of the fluid being compressed into said cylinder bores and from saidcylinder bores into said crank case.

4. In a compressor, the combination of a crank case, oppositely disposed heads secured to said crank case, said heads having cylinder bores and valve chest bores therein, a driving shaft in said crank case, reciprocating pistons in said cylinders, said pistons being connected together by a yoke, reciprocating piston valves in said valve chest bores, said piston valves also being connected together by a yoke, and means intermediate the driving shaft and said yokes for reciprocating them, said piston valves controlling the admission of the fluid being compressed into said cylinder bores and from said cylinder bores into said crank case.

5. In a compressor, the combination of a crank case, oppositely disposed heads secured to said crank case, said heads each having a cylinder bore and a parallel valve chest bore, there being a passageway con necting, the outer ends of the cylinder bore with the associated wilve chest bore, a dri ing shaft in said crank case, a piston reciprocable in each cylinder and a piston valve reciprocable in each valve chest bore, and means intermediate the driving shaft and the pistons and piston valves for reciprocating said pistons and piston valves, said piston valves controlling the passage of the fiuid to be compressed, through said passageway connecting the cylinder and and valve chest bores, into and from the cylinder bores.

6. In a compressor, the combination of a crank case, oppositely disposed heads secured to said crank case, said heads each having a cylinder bore and a parallel valve chest bore, there being a passageway connecting the outer end of each cylinder bore with the associated valve chest bore, means providing an inlet for the fluid to be compressed into said valve chest bores, means providing an outlet from the crank case for the compressed fluid, a driving shaft in said crank case, a piston reciprocable in each cylinder bore and a piston valve reciprocable in each valve chest bore, and means intermediate the driving shaft and the pistons and piston valves for reciprocating said pistons and piston valves, said piston valves controlling the passage of the fluid to be compressed, into said cylinder bores and the discharge of the compressed fluid from the cylinder bores into the crank case.

7 In a compressor, the combination of a crank case, oppositely disposed heads secured to said crank case, said heads each having a cylinder bore and a parallel valve chest bore, which is of a. length greater than that of said cylinder bore, there being a passageway connecting the outer end of the cylinder bore with the associated valve chest bore at a point spaced from its ends, means providing inlets into the valve chest bores for the fluid to ingshaft in said crank case, a piston reciprocable in each cylinder bore and a piston valve reciprocable in each valve chest bore, each pistonv valve having passageways adapted to alternately register with said passageway connecting the cylinder bore with the associated valve chest bore, and means intermediate the drive shaft and the pistons and piston valves for reciprocating said pistons and piston valves in said cylinder bores and said valve chest bores.

8. In a compressor, the combination of a crank case, oppositely disposed heads secured to said crank case, said heads each be compressed, a drivhaving a cylinder bore and a parallel valve chest bore which is of a length greater than that of said cylinder bore, there being a passageway connecting the outer end of each cylinder bore with the associated valve chest bore at a point spaced from its ends, means providing inlets into the valve chest bores for the fluid to be compressed, means providing an outlet from the crank case for the compressed fluid, a driving shaft in said crank case, a piston reciprocable in each cylinder bore and a piston valve reciprocable in each valve chest bore, each piston valve having a passageway at its outer end adapted to be brought into register with said passageway connecting the associated piston bore and valve chest bore together, to permit of the inlet of the fluid to be compressed, into said cylinder bore and each piston valve having a second passageway adapted to be brought into register with said passageway connecting the associated piston bore and valve chest bore together, said last named. passageway in said piston valve connecting the cylinder bore with the interior of the crank case.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I afiix my signature in the presence of two witnesses, this 22d day of November, A. D. 1916.

FRED W. WOLF. Witnesses:

'T. H. ALFREDs,

KARL W. DOLL. 

